Flocculant such as an organic polymer that involves in bridging and strengthening the flocs is added. After coagulation the destabilized particles can collide, aggregate so flocs can be formed. These large clumps easily settle down and thus can be separated. Material for this article was largely taken from reference 1. Similarities Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment These salts have the ability to hydrolyze the particles to insoluble precipitates which entraps the particles together. Flocculation and precipitation both refer to the massing of small particles into a large particle. The key difference between coagulation and flocculation in water treatment is that the coagulation is a chemical process while flocculation is a physical process. Coagulation and flocculation process in water treatment. Coagulation. Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. Ppt coagulation and flocculation 1. 3/31/2016 2 Why coagulation and flocculation? In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are nonsettlable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. 3. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } This is then followed by sedimentation (see Sedimentation Chapter). Flocculation: The process of agglomeration of the destabilized particles to such a size that separation by sedimentation and filtration is possible. Thus, in terms of water treatment, both can be differentiated easily. (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia  2.’Illustration of a typical drinking water treatment process’ By CK-12 Foundation, (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia, Filed Under: Environmental Science Tagged With: Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment Differences, Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment Similarities, Coagulation in Water Treatment, Coagulation in Water Treatment Definition, Coagulation in Water Treatment Process, Coagulation in Water Treatment Techniques, Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment, Compare Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, Flocculation in Water Treatment, Flocculation in Water Treatment Definition, Flocculation in Water Treatment Process, Flocculation in Water Treatment Techniques. The slow mixing procedure of flocculation allows the contact of microflocs with each other which induces inter-microfloc collisions. Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. The coagulant reacts with the particles or colloids in the suspension and imbalances its chemical charge. This article provides an overview of the processes and looks at the latest thinking. However, they can be commonly adopted for de-stabilizing any suspension system. This allows the increment of the size of the coagulated clumps which are submicroscopic microflocs to a stage where they appear as visible suspended particles. Coagulation and Flocculation LOKESH SAINI M.Tech-I´st Semester Student ID 2015PCE5271 3/31/2016 1 2. These flocculates are easily disrupted, being held together only by a force analogous to the surface tension of a liquid. But there are differences between the two terms. This step is called flocculation. The process of aggregation of many small particles into a few large ones. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. Restoration of water quality is assured during water treatment. Both processes involve the union of different suspended particles together. This step is followed by flocculation. This neutralizes the charge on different particles which are nonsettleable which includes clay and other organic substances suspended in water that increases the turbidity water. What is a Coagulation      – Definition, Application, 3. Material for this article was largely taken from reference1.Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. The precipitation process can generate very fine particles that are held in suspension by electrostatic surface charges. It requires the presence of both physical and chemical processes. What is a Colloidal Suspension     – Definition, Properties, Process, 2. Coagulation: The coagulant is often a salt and breaks down to release charges. This is the key difference between coagulation and flocculation. But a suspension accommodates a dispersed phase within the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is generally made of microscopic particles which are not soluble in the continuous phase. The addition of organic polymers results in different aspects. All rights reserved. “Alum Whilte” By Miansari66 – Own work (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia, “Flocculation4” By Brittany2442 – Own work (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia. These collisions induce the formation of bonds between microflocs and results in the formation of larger particles which are visible. What is Flocculation in Water Treatment Flocculation is an important step in water treatment procedures which is always followed by coagulation step. But these particles are not visible to the naked eye. 1. In flocculation one can make a distinction between perikinetic and Coagulation is an important phenomenon in the clotting of blood. Coagulation and Flocculation are designed to: - remove infectious agents - remove toxic compounds ... - The difference in the water unit demand in different parts of the United States is related to the average annual precipitation difference between "wet" and "dry" states as well as the difference … This allows the bridging and strengthening the floc which increases the weight of floc while also increasing the rate of settling. As early as 2000 BC the Egyptians used almonds smeared around vessels to clarify river water. Coagulation and flocculation occurs in successive steps, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. Main Difference – Flocculation vs Precipitation. The most common way is to add a flocculant to the suspension, where the flocculant is generally a polymer. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation / coalescence. This knowledge will provide a basis for understanding the needs of the This article provides an overview of the processes and looks at the latest thinking. In respects to the chemistry of this procedure, adding a coagulant destabilizes the particle’s charges. The conventional treatment scheme consists of coagulation-flocculation-settling followed by filtration. 2. In an international report published in 1998, it was found that coagulation and sedimentation can only remove between 27 and 84 percent of viruses and between … In flocculation one can make a distinction between perikinetic and Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. This is the key difference between coagulation and flocculation. November 30, 2012 by admin 2 Comments. In industrial processes, flocculation may be a Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. in Molecular and Applied Microbiology, and PhD in Applied Microbiology. Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation, Difference Between Primary and Secondary Cells. You can download PDF version of this article and use it for offline purposes as per citation note. In an international report published in 1998, it was found that coagulation and sedimentation can only remove between 27 and 84 percent of viruses and between … Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. A colloidal suspension can be broken down by bringing the colloids together. Therefore, the large clumps or the large precipitate could be easily separated and removed from the medium. As early as 2000 BC the Egyptians used alm… Coagulation and Flocculation Coagulation and flocculationconsist of adding a floc-forming chemical reagent to a water to enmesh or combine with nonsettleable colloidal solids and slow-settling suspended solids to produce a rapid-settling floc. Coagulation and flocculation provide the water treat-ment process by which finely divided suspended and colloidal matter in the water is made to agglomerate and form flocs. Melani Maria has a BSc (Hons) degree in Chemistry and doing her Masters, specializing in Perfumery and Business. These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. This is an important step in many different biochemical processes. What is a Flocculation     – Definition, Application, 4. Once flocculation is completed, the water is eligible to undergo separation processes. In potable water treatment, clarification of water using coagulating agents has been practiced from ancient times. Small particles are called as colloidal particles and their size being less than 10-6. Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation. Water supply system - Water supply system - Coagulation and flocculation: Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. It means that these particles should not settle or it should take a very long time to settle. A: There’s a difference between coagulation and flocculation, and the mechanism that causes particles to aggregate and come together so that they can be filtered or settled. Her research interests include Bio-fertilizers, Plant-Microbe Interactions, Molecular Microbiology, Soil Fungi, and Fungal Ecology. Figure 02: Drinking Water Purification Process. Flocculation: Physical processes such as mixing is used as a technique in flocculation. When mixing continues, the floc size gradually increases. Aggregation is a see also of flocculation. Flocculation is another important step in water treatment and it involves in the formation of visible flocs by mechanical or physical mixing. Coagulation and flocculation are an essential part of drinking water treatment as well as wastewater treatment. Coagulation means to curdle; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the destabilization of non-settleable particles takes place. Coagulation is the neutralization of the electronic charge on suspended particles. Coagulation and flocculation are two processes commonly used in water treatment in order to get rid of unwanted suspended material in water. During coagulation, the coagulant (alum) are added to destabilize the surface charge of particles in order to promote the formation of microflocs during the collision. Dr.Samanthi Udayangani holds a B.Sc. It also increase the weight of the flocs and increases the rate of settling. Treatment of water is a very sensitive and important process. Therefore it requires the addition of a coagulant. Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. Overview and Key Difference These are also referred to as coagulant aids. Furthermore, the speed of mixing, the time of mixing etc. 30-08-2015 4B.TECH BIOTECHNOLOGY Coagulation is a chemical process and flocculation is a physical process, In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are not settleable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. Flocculation is used in water treatment plants along with coagulation techniques in order to remove suspended particles in water. Coagulation is the neutralization of the electronic charge on suspended particles. This is mainly achieved through the physical and mechanical process that is involved with the already coagulated clumps to join together. 1 CE 370 Coagulation and Flocculation Part 2 Rapid Mixing and Flocculation ¾Rapid mixing is used to: −Disperse chemicals uniformly throughout the mixing basin −Allow adequate contact between the coagulant and particles −Microflocs are produced ¾Flocculation is … As nouns the difference between flocculation and coagulation is that flocculation is a condition in which clays, polymers or other small charged particles become attached and form a fragile structure, a floc while coagulation is the precipitation of suspended particles as they increase in size (by any of several physical or chemical processes). (14868618507)’ By USEPA Environmental-Protection-Agency . Coagulation could be achieved simply by adding a coagulant to the medium. Flocculation: The process of agglomeration of the destabilized particles to such a size that separation by sedimentation and filtration is possible. If coagulation is incomplete, flocculation step will be unsuccessful, and if flocculation is incomplete, sedimentation will be unsuccessful… 6. While coagulation can remove particles and some dissolved matter, the water may still contain pathogens. Coagulation means to curdle; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the destabilization of non-settleable particles takes place. These joined particles are referred to as microflocs. The floc is subsequently removed in most cases by sedimentation. Coagulation, Flocculation and Clarification of Drinking Water Terry L. Engelhardt Application Development Manager Drinking Water Hach Company Photo by author The intent of this paper is to provide cursory information about coagulation, flocculation and clarification. Once the coagulants are added and the charges of the particles are neutralized, it allows the particles to interact with each other and stick together. Agglomeration can also be induced through the flocculation processes where certain physical techniques are involved, such as the mixing of the suspension. As nouns the difference between aggregation and flocculation is that aggregation is the act of collecting together (aggregating) while flocculation is a condition in which clays, polymers or other small charged particles become attached and … What is meant by coagulation and flocculation? While coagulation can remove particles and some dissolved matter, the water may still contain pathogens. For water treatment, coagulation is generally followed by flocculation. These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. Examples are aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, alum and ferric sulfate. One of the commonest coagulants used is alum (Al2(SO4)3.14H2O). The polymer will then provide the base for the settling of the particles and eventually it will grow into a floc or flake attracting the particles out of the suspension. Summary. Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. This usually takes an hour depending on the size of the medium. Since water treatment is a very sensitive and important process it requires the presence of both physical and chemical processes. 4. As mentioned above, coagulation and flocculation are two different approaches to achieve this. Coagulation, flocculation and agglutination are terms that usually cause confusion. Coagulation: Coagulation is purely a chemical reaction. Coagulation and flocculation occurs in successive steps, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. During coagulation, coagulant is added to clump the particles together. What is the difference between flocculation and Deflocculation? Available here This is the difference between coagulation and flocculation. Coagulation, Flocculation and Clarification of Drinking Water Terry L. Engelhardt Application Development Manager Drinking Water Hach Company Photo by author The intent of this paper is to provide cursory information about coagulation, flocculation and clarification. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation / coalescence. What is the difference between Coagulation and Flocculation. This process is assisted by the addition of organic polymers that possess high molecular weight. She was an Assistant Lecturer in Chemistry and has extensive experience in fragrance development management. On the other hand, during flocculation, the solution is mixed gently, so that the small clumps formed during coagulation, gather together and form larger clumps. Flocculation is completed once the floc reaches its optimum strength and size. Coagulation is an important step in water treatment and it involves in the addition of a coagulant to enhance the clotting of suspended particles in water. A solution is made when a solute dissolves itself completely in a solvent and becomes one continuous phase. The effects of a coagulant can be reversed by the use of an anti-coagulant. Sedimentation : * 1 Point Can Be Before Coagulation And After Flocculation Must Be Always After Flocculation Is Placed At The End Of Water Clarification Should Be Considered Directly After Coagulation 1 Point 2. On the other hand, flocculation means to form flocs. Degree in Plant Science, M.Sc. Whereas in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. Water supply system - Water supply system - Coagulation and flocculation: Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. Coagulation and flocculation are an essential part of drinking water treatment as well as wastewater treatment. 1. Coagulation is defined as. In contrast, in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. Flocculation involves the formation of flocs. The floc is subsequently removed in most cases by sedimentation. These anti-coagulants are often used to ease blood clots to prevent artery blockage. Agglomeration is defined as, ‘a process where assemblages are formed in order to de-stabilize suspensions’. Coagulation does not involve physical mixing process. During Flocculation, the solution is mixed gently, providing time and energy so the clumps will gather together and form larger clumps. Coagulation, in simple terms, is referred to as curdling or clotting. Coagulation and flocculation are two main and important steps in drinking and wastewater treatment. Flocculation is gentle stirring or agitation to encourage the particles thus formed to agglomerate into masses large enough to settle or be filtered from solution. 1. When the preceding process, in this case flocculation and/or settling, becomes insufficient, subsequent rapid filtration can be used to ensure a high quality of the effluent treated. Side by Side Comparison – Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment in Tabular Form Coagulation is a chemical process and flocculation is a physical process, In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are not settleable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. In contrast, in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. 2.“Coagulation-Flocculation.” Coagulation-Flocculation | SSWM. Particles in water, such as clay, usually have a negative charge. In the chemical aspect, it could be explained as a process by which destabilizes the charges of particles which are not settling down. Continue Reading. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright © 2010-2018 Difference Between. Hence, coagulation is commonly known as clotting. Coagulation mostly happens in a rapid mixing tank for a few minutes. Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. Coagulants such as inorganic salts of aluminum or iron that neutralize the suspended particles are added during coagulation. Figure 01: Coagulation in Water Treatment. Please download PDF version here Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, 1.“Flocculants & Coagulants.” ChemTreat. Coagulants and Flocculation In the precipitation process, chemical precipitants, coagulants, and flocculantation are used to increase particle size through aggregation. What is Coagulation in Water Treatment This results in the formation of large masses of flocs which initially appear as a cloud and then converted into a precipitate. 1 CE 370 Coagulation and Flocculation Part 2 Rapid Mixing and Flocculation ¾Rapid mixing is used to: −Disperse chemicals uniformly throughout the mixing basin −Allow adequate contact between the coagulant and particles −Microflocs are produced ¾Flocculation is … However, coagulation is used mainly during the water treatment procedures. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. Groundwater and surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. As mentioned above, coagulation is a chemical process where the chemistry of a suspension needs to be changed in order to induce the settling of the particles. In potable water treatment, clarification of water using coagulating agents has been practiced from ancient times. Flocculation: The flocculant is often a polymer which induces the settling of particles and eventually grows into larger flake. Coagulation: Coagulation is a chemical process. After coagulation the destabilized particles can collide, aggregate so flocs can be formed. This step is called flocculation. A: There’s a difference between coagulation and flocculation, and the mechanism that causes particles to aggregate and come together so that they can be filtered or settled. Home » Science » Chemistry » Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation. Coagulation and flocculation steps are important aspects in the context of drinking and wastewater treatment since it allows the separation of suspended particles present in water effectively. 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Therefore, flocculation is a technique which induces the agglomeration of particles. Coagulation is a chemical process and flocculation is a physical process, In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are not settleable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation. can influence the efficiency of the flocculation process. Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. Flocculation, in physical chemistry, separation of solid particles from a liquid to form loose aggregations or soft flakes. There are three steps: 1. 5. Coagulants include inorganic salts of aluminum or iron. These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. Coagulation and flocculation steps are important aspects in the context of water treatment since it allows the separation of suspended particles present in water effectively. Coagulation means to curdle; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the destabilization of non-settleable particles takes place. Available here, 1.’The coagulation and filtration processes at a drinking water treatment plant. This enables their removal by sedi-mentation, dissolved air flotation or filtration. FLOCCULATION • Process where colloids come out of suspension in the form of floc or flake • Due to : 1.the addition of a clarifying agent 2.spontaneously • Occur in successive steps intended to overcome the forces • Stabilizes the suspended particles, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. There are three steps: 1. Coagulation is a process of making colloidal matter dispersed/suspended in a liquid to join in a coherent mass. Coagulation and Flocculation. Flocculation:  Flocculation is a physical process. Water treatment is an important aspect which involves many different steps. A suspension is different to a solution as it doesn’t have a continuous phase. This causes the clumping of particles. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. This is achieved by adding a coagulant that possesses an opposite charge to that of the suspended solids. Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment www.differencebetween.com Key Difference - Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment Water treatment is an important aspect which involves many different steps. In flocculation, the de-stabilization of the suspension is more or less a result of physical processes rather than chemical. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. Particles in water, such as clay, usually have a negative charge. During the flocculation procedure, the solution which is coagulated already is mixed gently. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation / coalescence. Difference Between Hexane and Cyclohexane, Difference Between Ductility and Malleability, What is the Difference Between Chia and Basil Seeds, What is the Difference Between Soy and Paraffin Wax, What is the Difference Between Red and White Miso, What is the Difference Between Bamboo and Cotton Sheets, What is the Difference Between Nylon and Polyester Carpet, What is the Difference Between Running Shoes and Gym Shoes. Coagulation and Flocculation Coagulation and flocculationconsist of adding a floc-forming chemical reagent to a water to enmesh or combine with nonsettleable colloidal solids and slow-settling suspended solids to produce a rapid-settling floc. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. clump together and settle out of the water, unless proper coagulation and flocculation is used. 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