Participants saw a stimulus 1.0 to 1.5 s in duration, and then judged whether the stimulus duration was closer to 1.0 s or to 1.5 s, and how sure they were of their response. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition Do Salient Features Overshadow Learning of Other Features in Category Learning? The preferences were intuitively graphed as indifference curves that represented the orderly integration of the 2 components as trade-off: parts of 1 component were given up for obtaining 1 additional unit of the other component without a change in preference. Review APA's Journal Manuscript Preparation Guidelines before submitting your article. Reports an error in "Spatial context learning in pigeons ( Columba livia )" by Brett M. Gibson, Andrew B. Leber and Max L. Mehlman ( Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition , 2015[Oct], Vol 41[4], 336-342). I present a modification of a popular associative model of individual learning that can replicate these results, despite not distinguishing between social and asocial cues. To that end, we request separate files for computer code. Journal of experimental psychology. Three experiments sought to explore whether this effect extends to outcomes and was investigated using the food allergist paradigm in human participants. See JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL LEARNING AND COGNITION journal impact factor, SJR, SNIP, CiteScore, H-index metrics. Psychol. Despite their individual successes, a unified view of simple behavior is still lacking. Authors of accepted manuscripts are required to transfer the copyright to APA. According to a recent theory (Hall & Rodriguez, 2010), the latent inhibition produced by nonreinforced exposure to a target stimulus (B) will be deepened by subsequent exposure of that stimulus in compound with another (AB). This is the Citationsy guide to Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition citations, reference lists, in-text citations, and bibliographies. by the Metacognition refers to the use of one’s cognitive processes to coordinate behavior. Authors who feel that their manuscript may benefit from additional academic writing or language editing support prior to submission are encouraged to seek out such services at their host institutions, engage with colleagues and subject matter experts, and/or consider several vendors that offer discounts to APA authors. When exposed to a flow of stimuli, participants are asked to judge whether there is a contingent relation between a cue and an outcome, that is, whether the subjective cue–outcome contingency exceeds a decision threshold. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved). The Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition™ publishes experimental and theoretical studies concerning all aspects of animal behavior processes. Alternatively, several phenomena, such as suboptimal gambling behavior and cognitive dissonance (justification of effort) may be explained more simply as examples of the contrast between what is expected and what occurs as well as Wagner's Standard Operating Procedure model based on reward prediction error. Animal learning and cognition - Journal Factors It is impossible to get a true picture of impact using a single Metric alone, so a basket of factors is … Manuscripts that do not conform to the submission guidelines may be returned without review. University of Minho, Federico Sanabria Animal Cognition is an interdisciplinary journal offering current research from many disciplines (ethology, behavioral ecology, animal behavior and learning, cognitive sciences, comparative psychology and evolutionary psychology) on all aspects of animal (and human) cognition in an evolutionary framework. We will make an image of each segment of code in your article that exceeds 40 characters in length. Animal learning and cognition. Links to various Animal Behavior sites Pigeons' performance on a working memory task, symbolic delayed matching-to-sample, was used to examine the interaction between working memory and reference memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, Volume 46, Issue 2 (Apr 2020) In Experiment 1, a 12-to-2 pellet downshift either early in training (after 3 sessions) or late in training (after 20 sessions) yielded no significant evidence of SNC either in terms of lever pressing or goal entries. There was no evidence of learning about the relationship between global cues provided by the entire arena and the goal. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition Identifying Strategy Use in Category Learning Tasks: A Case for More Diagnostic Data and Models Chris Donkin, Ben R. Newell, Mike Kalish, ... Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. City University of New York PhD Program in Psychology (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved). The Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition® publishes experimental and theoretical studies concerning all aspects of animal behavior processes. We conclude that the strength of inhibition is not a linear function of the change in reinforcement that it signals. Kansas State University, Matthew Lattal Harold Pashler and Michael C. Mozer Online First Publication, February 18, 2013. doi: 10.1037/a0031679 CITATION Pashler, H., & Mozer, M. C. (2013, February 18). The subjects were trained to perform simple discrimination tasks using a pair of stimuli. , 000 000 0278-7393/12/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/a0029177 1. ing number of years. We describe and report the results of computer simulations of the three-layer Hebbian network informally described by Honey, Close, and Lin (2010): A general account of discrimination that has been shaped by data from configural acquired equivalence experiments that are beyond the scope of alternative models. In Experiment 2, however, participants were also presented with an additional set of control trials, which were presented during Stage II only and reliably predicted the outcome compounds. The apparent conversion of habit to action during renewal testing in Context C was consistent with other results suggesting that habits converted to action when the context was changed at the start of extinction. APA Style and Grammar Guidelines for the 7th edition are available. Thus nonflavor cues appear to engage the same processes as taste cues in aversion learning. In a second test, we presented the pigeons with the predictive displays from Test 1 and a second set of displays that also predicted the location of a target to see if learning about one set of predictive backgrounds disrupted learning about a second set. Experiment 1 used an aversive procedure with flavors as the stimuli; Experiment 2 used an appetitive procedure with visual and auditory stimuli. Animal Learn. In all 3 experiments, an outcome facilitation effect was observed. Cognitive control is critical for efficiently using the limited resources in working memory. The accuracy of these predictions was confirmed through analysis of archival data from female and male rats. The same caption will appear on both the online (color) and print (black and white) versions. Successive negative contrast (SNC) involves a disruption of behavior when the paired reward is unexpectedly reduced from a large to a small amount, relative to a control always receiving the small amount. The cue with the larger prediction error was always the cue with the more certain causal status. Experiment 3 showed that participants are uncertain about blocked cues by using a direct self-report measure of certainty. Brooklyn College – CUNY When Does Fading Enhance Perceptual Category Learning?. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY. ANIMAL LEARNING AND COGNITION. Find the right academic journal to publish your paper. (Shorter snippets of code that appear in text will be typeset in Courier New and run in with the rest of the text.) This is the Citationsy guide to Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition citations, reference lists, in-text citations, and bibliographies. This was true as long as the timing of the US was unpredictable and, thus, response rates were uniform across the length of the CS. Whether animals use relational cues in transposition tests has long been considered a controversial issue. Research with both rats and pigeons suggests that temporal information outcompetes the rate of food delivery, thereby generating suboptimal choice, when the delay to food (Df) is sufficiently long. However, we choose in single dimensions, simply preferring some apples to others. This series examines the associative basis of inhibitory perceptual learning. The results suggest that contextual cueing can occur for a variety of stimuli in nonhuman animals and that it may be a common mechanism for processing visual information across a wide variety of species. Journal description The Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition™ publishes experimental and theoretical studies concerning all aspects of animal behavior processes. In 5 experiments using delay conditioning of magazine approach with rats, reinforcement rate was varied either by manipulating the mean interval between onset of the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) or by manipulating the proportion of CS presentations that ended with the US (trial-based reinforcement rate). Experiments involved training rats on appetitive biconditional discriminations in which discrete cues (w and x) signaled food delivery (+) or its absence (-) in 4 different contexts (A, B, C, and D): Aw+ Bw- Cw+ Dw- Ax- Bx+ Cx- Dx+. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition ® Stress Increases Cue-Triggered "Wanting" for Sweet Reward in Humans (PDF, 260KB) April 2015 Delayed matching retention tests then measured accuracy when working and reference memory were congruent and incongruent. Use Word's Insert Table function when you create tables. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition Shape Shifting: Local Landmarks Interfere With Navigation by, and Recognition of, Global Shape Matthew G. Buckley, Alastair D. Smith, and Mark Haselgrove Online First Publication, November 18, 2013. doi: 10.1037/a0034901 CITATION Infrequent probe trials on which monkeys were given tests of the type not cued on that trial were used to assess whether memory was under cognitive control. These results were consistent with those seen in capuchin monkeys. Using these empirical data we discuss how traditional summary measures used by these subfields can be limiting, and suggest methods that may aid in the integration of these subfields toward common goals. (PsycINFO Database Record. Advance These data are consistent with the inferential account, but are more challenging for the associative analysis. Furthermore, rats escaped more in sample-omitted trials than in standard trials. , No. Three experiments were conducted to investigate a possible role for certainty in human causal learning. Both timing and conditioning fields have proven fruitful, producing large bodies of empirical data and developing sophisticated models. Manuscripts may be copyedited for bias-free language (see Chapter 5 of the Publication Manual). Using spaces or tabs in your table will create problems when the table is typeset and may result in errors. Activity across these units is scaled such that each stimulus always contributes the same amount of activity to the system whether it is presented in isolation or in compound; the configurational units "borrow" activity from representational units for individual stimuli (and from each other). In this context, we tested the following hypotheses regarding the relation between objective and subjective cue–outcome contingency: (a) The underlying distributions of subjective cue–outcome contingency are Gaussian; (b) The mean distribution of subjective contingency is a linear function of objective cue–outcome contingency; and (c) The variance in the distribution of subjective contingency is constant. In 4 experiments, it was shown that the interaction between working and reference memory is reciprocal: Strengthening either type of memory leads to a decrease in the influence of the other type of memory. The journal also publishes Brief Communications, typically based on a single experiment that reports a significant new empirical or theoretical contribution, perhaps involving a novel technique or analytic approach. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved). An associative analysis states that, following A+/AX+ training, Cue A prevents an associative link from forming between X and the outcome. Differences in the per-trial probability of reinforcement did not affect the acquisition of responding during the CS but did affect subsequent extinction of that responding, and also affected the post-CS response rates during conditioning. That is, a blocked cue, about which one is uncertain, should be rated as a more likely cause when most cues lead to the outcome than when most cues do not. In the transposition test trials, in which squares of different sizes than those used in the training trials were presented, the subjects selected the stimulus based on the relative size of the stimulus. Studies of associative, nonassociative, cognitive, perceptual, and motivational processes are welcome. They also expand on prior findings suggesting that actions transfer across contexts, and that habits do not. 1597–1611. Realistic, everyday rewards contain multiple components. This scaling is affected by the extent to which stimuli interact with each other perceptually. Similarly, justification of effort, the tendency to attribute greater value to rewards that are difficult to obtain, is typically explained in terms of the tendency to inflate the value of a reward to justify the effort required to obtain it. In choice trials subjects strongly preferred S1 early in the session, showed intermediate preferences toward the midsession, and preferred S2 late. Multipanel figures (i.e., figures with parts labeled a, b, c, d, etc.) These defensive responses can be associated with salient neutral stimuli that are present along with the threatening stimulus. Indexed in: This article briefly reviews 3 theories concerning elemental and configural approaches to stimulus representation in associative learning and presents a new context-dependent added-elements model (C-AEM). However, almost all the subsequent research that has explored the nature of the effect in nonhuman animals has made use of the flavor-aversion learning paradigm with rats. Office of National Statistics. A variety of animals sometimes engage in a form of maladaptive decision-making characterized by repeatedly choosing an option providing food-predictive stimuli even though they earn less food for doing so. Your equation has now been inserted into your Word file as a MathType Equation. Here we revisit the question and present 2 new quantitative methods to evaluate whether CRs influence the course of learning. Animal learning and cognition Journal Impact (Facteur d'impact) 2019: 2.200 (Dernières données en 2020). APA policy prohibits an author from submitting the same manuscript for concurrent consideration by two or more publications. Numerous explanations have been proposed, which fall into two main categories. University of Kentucky, Abstracting and indexing services providing coverage of Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition®. These data describe the nature of choices of multicomponent choice options and attest to the validity of the rigorous economic concepts and their convenient graphic schemes for explaining choices of human and nonhuman primates. We investigated conditioned inhibition in a magazine approach paradigm. Title. Short-term memories were formed after a single pairing of the CS and US. The absence of the opportunity to develop instrumental, stimulus-response associations during placement training indicates that stimulus-stimulus associations acquired during this training were sufficient to guide rats to the platform when they were eventually released into the pool. Western Sydney University, Thomas R. Zentall This procedure revealed an outcome facilitation effect but not an outcome blocking effect. Essential Science Indicators Field Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Charlotte Bonardi Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition Chimpanzees Prefer African and Indian Music Over Silence Morgan E. Mingle, Timothy M. Eppley, Matthew W. Campbell, Katie Hall, Victoria Horner, and Concordia University, Kimberly Kirkpatrick Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, Volume 46, Issue 2 (Apr 2020) Authors are required to state in writing that they have complied with APA ethical standards in the treatment of their sample, human or animal, or to describe the details of treatment. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that rats have metacognition, and could be utilized as a benchmark for further metacognition studies in rats. Single-option (sequential) and two-option (choice) trials were intermingled. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition Address for correspondence: R. C. Honey, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK; Tel: +44 (0)29 20875868; Email: Honey@cardiff.ac.uk The development of HeiDI was supported by a grant awarded to R.C.H. And motivational processes are welcome if supplied as Tiff or EPS files tested monkeys with lists of consecutive! Procedure was reported by Symonds and Hall ( 1995, experiment 2.... Produce models that fit their data well, but found only modest evidence for successive! Are microscopic eight-legged animals that live in various aquatic and terrestrial environments been shown that to-be-predicted (. Four experiments demonstrate that inhibitory perceptual learning is discussed in light of these observations two-option choice... A magazine approach paradigm aquatic and terrestrial environments assessment task with pigeons events outcomes! Their data well, but are more challenging for the associative basis of perceptual... 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